Fluid-pressure apparatus for burning powdered fuel



P. A. LEUNARU, MI F. MALONEY AND E. FANUMCR. FLUiD PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR BURNING POU/DERED UEL.

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P. A.. LEONARD, M. F. MALOAEY AND E. FANDRICH.' FLUID PRESSURE APPARATUS EUR BURNING POWDEREU FUEL.

APPLICATION FlLlD` AUG. 1G, 1919. n

Pmente Apr. 27, 1920 3 SREEPS-SHEE1 2.

P. A. LEONARD, M. F MALONEY AND 2i, FAIUDRICH.A I FLUID PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR BURNING POWUEREU FUEL.l

` rw q APPLICATION HLED AUG.J6| X919.

@AMAA M1127, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3..

E ff l A PATRICK A. LEONARD,

MICHAELVF. MALONEY, AND ERNEST FANDRICH, OF

SCHENECTABY, NEW YORK@ PATENT euries. l

inseam.

Specification of Letters vPatent.

Application filed Aug-ust 16, 1919. Serial No. 317,979.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that We, PATRICK A. LEON- ARD, MICHAEL' F. MaLoNnY, and ERNEST FANniuoiI, all of Schenaetady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York,

have invented a certain new and useful 1111-,

provement in Fluid-Pressure Apparatus for Burning Powdered Fuel, 0f which improvement the following is a specification.

ln Letters Patent of the United States No. 1,305,726, granted and issued to us under date of June 3, 1919, for an improvement in apparatus of the type above stated, we have set forth means for overcoming the objections which obtain in appliances theretofore proposed and experimented with, in

the particulars of conveying, injecting, and

burning powdered fuel; for rendering the manner of using it absolutely free and safe from explosion; for simplifying),a and cheapening the application of powdered fuel; and for rendering;1 use adaptable in all types of furnaces, whether operated 'for heating br melting metals, or in connection With stationary, locomotive, or marine steam boilers.

Our present invention is based upon the same general operative principle as that .of our Letters Patent No. 1,305,726 aforesaid, and its object is to render its application more effective, particularly in furnaces of comparatively large dimensions.

llhe improvement claimed is hereinafter ,fully 'set forth.

ln the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a vertical longitudinal central section through a reverberatory furnace provided with a combustion chamber, and a steam boiler heated thereby, illustrating an application of our invention; Fig. 2, a transverse section through the same, apl'iroximately 0n the line 2 2 of Fig. l.; Fig. 5l, a partial horizontal section; and, Fig, 1t, a vertical longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, through the outer port-ion of the fue] hopper and the fuel injector.

The type of furnace disclosed in our Let-4 ters 4Patent No. 1,305,726 aforesaid, is the ordinary form of metallurgical furnace, for heating iron-and steel used in makina' forni ings, consisting` of an inclosed heating` chamber, havin;Y a single opening', controlled by a sliding` door, and communirating' with the atmosphere, and with a discharge: flue or staf-k, the heating chamber being provided with two twyers, located, in line axially, l

on its opposite sides. One of said twyers discliarges a jet of commingled powdered fuel and air under pressure, into the heating chamber, said jet impinging against a jet of air under pressure, only, which is discharged from theA opposite twyer, any additional supply oi' air, requisite to supn ,port combustion, being inducted through thil bottom of the opening underneath the door, which is always partially open during operation, and the products of combustion making' their exit to the stack, in the opposite direction, through the upper part ol' same opening below the door. rlhis type oil furnace has a single opening for the ingress of additional air supply and for the egress oi' the products of con'ibuston.

ln l'urnacesof the type to which our present invention relates, which are provided with a combustion chamber, and in the operation of which, when the escaping gases oll combustion are utilized for the pur pose of generating steam, the egress of the products of con'ibustion is retarded by constrii-tion of the heating,r surface passages of the siu'ierimposed steam boiler, it becomes necessary to introduce the additional supply ol' air to support the combustion of the fuel, into the combustion chamber, in proportionate quantity to the amount of fuel to be. eonsunled, and also under suilicient pressure to overcome the resistance created b v the greaterlcngth of traverse and. restricted passages, so as to cause the heat generated by combustion to travel through the furnace at the proper velocity to meet the operative requirements.

To this end, under our present invention, we apply to the sides of the combustion chamber, one or more pairs (preferably a plurality) oi' twyers, the members of each pair being' disposed in line axially, one tuyer oi'V` each pair (,liscl'iargi'ig a jet of commingled powdered fuel and air into the combustion chan'lber, and the opposite t'wyer discharging a jet of air under pressure, only. their a plurality of pairs of twyers is applied` the l'uel and air twyers, and the air twyprs, of the several pairs, are alternated lfmoitudiimlly in the combustion chamberl lo promote uriformity of action. The additional or supplemental air blast, for saipporting combustion and regulating the flow of' the heat and gases throughout rammed Apr. a7, 192e. l

the furnace, as Well as for facilitating their flow through the heating passages of the boiler, when applied in connection With the furnace, is supplied through a pipe leading to a twyer at the end 'of the combustion chamber of the furnace, and is delivered at an angle, preferably a Aright angle, to the axial lines ofthe jets from the side twyers.

Referring descrip* lrely to the specific embodiment of our invention illustrated in the drawings, and employing the term furnace, as designating, generically, any receptacle for the consumption Whether a metallurgical furnace, boiler furnace, or boiler lirebox. our invention is exemplified as applied in connection with a reverberatory furnace, l1. which` in and of itself, is of the ordinary form, inclosing a heating chamber, l. land communicatingi combustion chamber` 1, and provided with a discharge line, l?, through which the waste gases pass to' and through a flue, 8a., sur: rounding the lower portion of a steam boiler, S, and thence, through the tubes, 9", of the boiler, to a stack, 1d.

One or -more pairs of twyers, 2. 2, two pairs being, in this instance. illustrated. are fitted in opposite openings in the sidewalls of the furnace chamber` '1, said twyers bcing in line axially, and located in a horizontal plane, so that the currents discharged therefrom into the furnace chamber shall impinge directly one against the other. A\ supplemental or supporting' blast twyer, 2", is itted in the end wall ol" the furnace chamber, .in this instance in the same axial plane as, and at a right angle to, the side twyers, 2, 2, so that the currentdischarged into the furnace chamber from the twyer, 2, impinges upon the currents.discharged from the twyers, 2, 2 in the same horizontal plane. Air blast pipes, 3, 2l, lead from a source of air under pressure, into the side Yje rs, 2,r2 and a blast pipe, il, leads the supporting`column of air into the twyer, 2, the volume of air transmitted through said pipes being independently controlled by suitable blast gates of the ordinary construction.

A fuel hopper, 4f, is located in any convenient position relatively to they furnace` and is connected by one or morel suction pipes, 4, opening into it near its bottom, with one or here fuel injectors, 5, of the Giffard type, the combining tube, F, of each of which may be either connected directly'with one of the blast pipes, 3, as indicated in the drawings, and most clearly shown in Fig. 4, or communicate with the twyer, 2, into which said blast pipe leads, through an inde endent fuel delivery pipe, as preferred. ommunication between the fuel hopper and each of the injectors is controlled by a suitable fuel regulating valve, 4", fitted in the suction pipe,4, carrying an of fuel.

arm, at, actuated by an operating rod, 4d, which extends to a locatlon within conven- -ient reach of the furnace operator. The

fuel injector does not, in and of itself, form I part of our present invention, and any suitable amlpreferred construction thereof may be applied, one of which is exemplified in our Letters Patent No.1,3`05,726 aforesaid.

ln cases where, as in the instance exemplified, a plurality of pairs of twyers is applied, the opposite members of each pair are, asshown, alternated in position longitudinally in the combustion chamber, that is to say, the fuel and air twyers, and the air twyers, respectively, o'f each pair, are located on alternately opposite sides of the combustion chamber, in order to promote uniformity of action of the opposing jets throughout the length of said chamber.

While we have specified air as the'blast medium utilized, our -invention is not limited to the application thereof, as dry steam or other gas under pressure may Abe employed. i

ln the operation of an apparatus for burn# ing powdered fuel, of the construction substantially as above. described, a jet of powdcred`fuel. combined with a proportionate supply of oxygen contained in the air under pressure which is mingled with said jet, impinges directly against a properly proportioned, and oppositely directed, jet of oxygen, contained in air.under pressure, said jets being discharged from the two axially coinciding' twyers, 2, 2, of each pair, von the opposite sides of the furnace. Coincidently with the meeting of' the jets of mingled fuel and air, and of air, respectively, from the side twyers, 2, 2, they are encountered by a supplemental or supporting blast of air, discharged from the end twyer, 2, the direction or which'is toward the discharge end of the furnace chamber. Asa result, the particles of fuel are thoroughly com,- mingled with the oxygen of the air, and are held in perfect suspension within the furilo nace, until entirely consumed, the traverse j of the products of combustion being effected with minimum resistance. The discharge of the' waste products is materially promoted by the volume and direction of the supplemental or supporting air blast, and the independent regulation ofthe volumes of fuel and air supply, enables'the proper relation of the functions of delivering the fuel', holding its particles in suspension, and afford ing it the proper supply of oxygen for comb ustion, to be maintained under the varying conditions of the operation of the furnace. lt will be obvious that our invention is equally applicable, without variation of.

structural or operative principle, either in connection with metallurgical heatmg furnaces, the discharge gases of which are uti- Y lined for heating steam boilersfor to furiso naces for generating steam only, without op- -mingled powdered fuel and air; means for delivering' ay jet of airvunder pressure into the furnace, .in line with, and unobstructed from direct impingement against, said first specified jet; and'nieans for delivering a volume of air under pressure into the fur` nace, at an angle to the common axial line of said two first specified jets.

2. The combination, with a furnace, of two blast pipes, opening, in line axially,

'thereinto, on opposite sides of its middle plane, and unobstructed intermediately; means for forcing commingled. powdered fuel and air into one .of said pipes; means for forcing' air under pressureinto the other pipe; and an air blast pipe opening into the furnace, at an angle to said two first specified blast pipes.

3. The' combination,with a furnace, of two blast pipes, opening, in line axially, thereinto, on opposite sides of lits middle plane, and unobstructed intermediately; means for forcing` commingled powdered fuel and air into one of said pipes; means for forcingl air under pressure into the other pipe; an air blastl pipe opening into the furnace at an anfrletosaidtwo firsts'iecified e l .blast pipes; and means for independently f co"trolling each of said blast pipes.

4. .'lhecombination, with a furnace, of

j two blast pipes, opening, in lineraxially,

thereinto, on oppositeV .sides of its middle plane, and unobstructed intermediately; a

.fuel hopper; an injector; a suction pipe leading from the fuel hopper to the injector; a connection from the combining tube leading out of the injector, to one of said blastv pipes; and an air blast pipe opening into;V the furnace, at an angle to 'sa-idl two first' specified blast pipes.

5. `The combination, with a furnace, of' a plurality of pairs of blast pipes, the mem bers of each pair opening, in line axially, thereinto, on opposite sides of its middle plane, and unobstructed intermediately; means for forcing' commingled powdered fuel and air into onepipe of each pair; means for forcing-"air under pressure into the other pipe of said pair; and an air blast pipe opening into the furnace at an angle to the axes of said pairs:l of blast pipes.

6. The combination, with a furnace, of a plurality of pairs of blast pipes, the members of each pair opening, in line axially, thereinto, on opposite sides of its middle plane, and unobstructed intermediately; means fory .forcing commingled powdered `fuel and air into a pipe of one pair upon one side of the furnace, and into a pipe of the next pair on the opposite side of the furnace; means for forcing air under pressure into the other pipe of each pair; and an air blast pipe opening into the furnace at an angle tothe axes of said pairs of pipes.

PATRICK A. LEONARD. MICHAEL F. MALONEY. ERNEST FANDRICH. lWitnesses W. S. FRAME,

B. B. MILLS. 

